Until Chernobyl, Mayak was the site of the worst nuclear disaster in history. [5,6] (Source: Wikimedia Commons) The Kyshtym accident took place on September 29, 1957 and is named after the center of population in which the accident took place. Map of the East Urals Radioactive Trace (EURT), the area contaminated by the Kyshtym disaster. The 'Kyshtym Accident', which happened on 29 September 1957 at the Mayak Production Association (PA) nuclear complex, located about 10 km to the east of the town of Kyshtym in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russian Federation, although rated on the International Nuclear and Radiological Event Scale as one of the most severe nuclear accidents in the world, … The Kyshtym Disaster was an accident in the world's largest nuclear complex Mayak in Russia and is today one of the most radioactively contaminated places in the world. Because of the intense secrecy surrounding Mayak, it is difficult to estimate the death toll of Kyshtym. The explosion equaled 5 to 10 tons of TNT and contaminated 217 towns and villages. The Kyshtym disaster, which occurred at Mayak in the Soviet Union on 29 September 1957, was rated as a level 6 on the International Nuclear Event Scale, the third most severe incident after Chernobyl and Fukushima. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Unlike Chernobyl, it has received very little attention. The Kyshtym disaster is shrouded in mystery and muddled by years of Soviet suppression of information. 1: Map of the East Urals Radioactive Trace (EURT): area contaminated by the Kyshtym disaster. The only other Level 7 accident happened on 26 April 1986 when a steam explosion destroyed reactor number four at the Ukrainian plant. Almost 220,000 people were permanently relocated from the surrounding areas, and the site is now uninhabitable for centuries to come. Fig. Kyshtym Nuclear Disaster. Map of the East Urals Radioactive Trace (EURT), the area contaminated by the Kyshtym disaster. INES is a series of metrics that were created in 1990 as a way to measure the destruction caused by nuclear disasters and meltdowns. Estimates of the death toll caused by the accident go from 200 to more than 8,000, depending on the study. The death toll from the Chernobyl disaster is still unknown, but experts believe that thousands of people died due to severe poisoning, radiation burn, cancer, and other severe diseases. ... the locals on the reasons of the evacuation which gave rise to a number of conspiracy theories about the chemical disaster. The Kyshtym Disaster of 1957: The largest nuclear disaster we’ve never heard of. City 40 residents have been casualties in a number of nuclear incidents, including the 1957 Kyshtym disaster – the world’s worst nuclear accident prior to Chernobyl – … For this reason, we will be organizing nuclear disasters not by death toll but by their rating on the International Nuclear and Radiological Event Scale (INES). The nuclear disasters that we don’t hear about – The Kyshtym Disaster. The most notable accident, the so-called “Kyshtym disaster” happened on 29 September 1957, when the cooling system of one of the waste storage tanks failed but went undetected until the tank exploded with a force equivalent to about 70 tons of TNT. 2010 Jan Rieke Click here to view Wikimedia source. KYSHTYM, Russia (AP) _ Here are some facts about the Kyshtym disaster of Sept. 29, 1957: The cooling system failed in a tank where radioactive waste from the Chelyabinsk-65 nuclear complex was stored. 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