1913 Paterson Silk Strike > Duration: Feb. 25, 1913 to July 28, 1913 1934 West Coast Waterfront Strike > Duration: May 9, 1934 to July 17, 1934 > No. The strike broke out after Wellington watersiders were penalised for stopping work to discuss a grievance by fellow workers. All non-text content is subject to specific conditions. November 4, 1913 Indianapolis, IN Streetcar Strike 4 Indianapolis streetcar strike of 1913: The Terminal and Traction Company hired 300 professional strikebreakers from the Pinkerton Agency to operate the streetcars. The strikers were opposed by the New Zealand Employers’ Federation and the Farmers’ Union. The 1913 Waterfront Strike was at the time, and still remains 100 years later, one of New Zealand's most renowned and influential industrial disputes. 1974, First day of competition at Christchurch Commonwealth Games, Home It began on Wellington's wharves on 22 October 1913 and then spread, by 28th reaching Auckland. Between 14,000 and 16,000 workers went on strike, out of a population of just over one million. Zealand’s waterfront workers, starting with Wellington. I don't agree with everything he says, but Roth's history is the best short overview of … It was one of New Zealand’s most violent and disruptive industrial confrontations. The key issue of the Great Strike was a power struggle of militant unionists against organised employers and farmers, backed by the government. It was no complete tieup, but a great slowdown. Photograph taken by Sydney Charles Smith. It was the largest and most disruptive strike in New Zealand's history. Nov 1913 Ref 1/2-000186-G Description. 1913 Paterson Silk Strike > Duration: Feb. 25, 1913 to July 28, 1913 The strike ended in defeat for the UMWA in December 1914. 20. The UFL halted the miners’ strike on the 29th, and most miners – except for the significant number who were blacklisted by employers – returned to work in January 1914. The Great Strike refers to a near general strike that took place in New Zealand from October 1913 to mid-January 1914. ‘He rode with farmers, the so-called 'Massey's Cossacks', to break a waterfront strike in 1913.’ ‘The 1913 Waterfront Strike saw its biggest flashpoint in Wellington where Massey's Cossacks fought 'Red Feds' in the street.’ ‘This brutal display earned the specials the title of 'Massey's Cossacks'.’ This lead to a series of strikes by miners, waterfront workers, and their supporters between 1912 and 1914, including the Great Strike of 1913. The most immediate consequence of the 1913 Waterfront Strike was the recruitment of the specials. They had withdrawn from the country’s arbitration system in favour of direct negotiations with employers, during which they had the right to strike. The WWWU had tried to avoid strike initially, but … Commercial re-use may be allowed on request. Meet the NZHistory.net.nz team, Class war comes to the workers' paradise 1890-1913. The changing attitudes in society that happened rapidly around the world during the early twentieth century were a significant long-term social cause of industrial unrest in New Zealand, in particular the 1913 Waterfront Strike. 'Black Tuesday' – The 1912 Waihi strikeThe defeat of the 1913 strike – The 1913 Great StrikeElsdon Best as a special constable – A sense of place, 'Waterfront strike ends', URL: https://nzhistory.govt.nz/waterfront-strike-ends, (Ministry for Culture and Heritage), updated 20-Dec-2018. Protest and reform The 1913 Great Strike. 1974, First day of competition at Christchurch Commonwealth Games, Home most notably during the waterfront dispute of 1951. The Watersider’s Strike was the main topic of conversation in Cambridge towards the end of 1913. The strike wave of October 1913 began with two relatively small disputes: one at a Huntly coal mine, the other on the Wellington waterfront. In October 1913 there was a 'Great Strike' that affected all of New Zealand. (No waterside workers = no exports.) of strikers: 35,000 ... 17. Many of the strike leaders were arrested for sedition, that is, inciting people to disobey rules or laws. Meet the NZHistory.net.nz team, Strikers' meeting in Dunedin (Auckland City Libraries, AWNS-19131120-50-1), The defeat of the 1913 strike – The 1913 Great Strike, Elsdon Best as a special constable – A sense of place, John Cullen biography (Te Ara biographies). Crowd outside Queens Wharf, Wellington, during the 1913 Waterfront Strike. The 1913 strike is an interesting campaign case because it at once managed to restructure worker-employer relations, while simultaneously having a hugely negative effect on workers – in this way, it warrants extreme gains and losses. This site is produced by the History Group of the New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage. The key issue of the Great Strike was a power struggle of militant unionists against organised employers and farmers, backed by the government. Most of the striking unions were affiliated to the United Federation of Labour, the ‘Red Feds’. 1934 West Coast Waterfront Strike > Duration: May 9, 1934 to July 17, 1934 > No. Massey. Uniformed mounted police block a street leading to Wellington’s waterfront during the nationwide wave of strikes in late 1913. The 1913 waterfront strike emerged due to the issues over pay and working conditions. Historians argue that th 1951 Waterfront Dispute is the biggest industrial confrontation in New Zealand labour history. The following is a list of specific strikes (workers refusing to work in an attempt to change their conditions in a particular industry or an individual workplace, or in solidarity with those in another particular workplace) and general strikes (widespread refusal of workers to work in an organized political campaign on a broader national or international level). In the booming years just before WWI, Wellington’s port was the … Quantity: 1 b&w original negative(s). In Auckland, however, there was a general strike from 8 to 22 November, involving arbitrationist as well as Red Fed unions. The strike began with 420 union members. The Great Strike of 1913 was in fact a series of strikes between mid-October 1913 and mid-January 1914. ... dockers and waterfront workers, railwaymen, and tram workers. A general strike in Auckland, which began on 8 November and involved more than 10,000 workers, was called off on the 22nd (except for watersiders, seamen, drivers and tramwaymen). They were later joined by seamen, drivers and builders’ labourers. Farmers and rural labourers formed the core of the mounted special constables, who were known derisively as ‘Massey’s Cossacks’. The rise and fall of Local 8 of the IWW, a predominantly Black but integrated union, is the subject of Peter Cole’s gripping Wobblies on the Waterfront. In Auckland, when ‘Massey’s Cossacks’ marched down Queen Street to the waterfront, the strike committee called a general strike and most work in the city stopped for several days. Commercial re-use may be allowed on request. One of these, the 1913 Waterfront Strike, was a result of growing unionism and industrial action during the early 1900's in New Zealand, and reflected a crucial flash point in New Zealand's labour history. We have 9 biographies, 8 articles, related to The 1913 Great Strike. These strikes threatened this country’s political and … 1886: June 12 The IWW (International Workers of the World) believed through direct action they would gain control of the economy. The 1913 Waterfront Strike is another significant historical event in New Zealand labour history that share many similarity between the 1951 Waterfront Strike. Generally the ‘moderate’ unions – those still participating in the arbitration system – refused to join the strike. On the 20th the UFL announced that a conference of strikers’ delegates had decided to call off the strike immediately for all workers, except miners. Events The bitter two-month struggle had involved up to 16,000 unionists across New Zealand and sparked violent clashes between strikers and mounted ‘special’ police – whom the unionists dubbed ‘Massey’s Cossacks’ after the conservative prime minister, W.F. This carried over to 1913 when he fought against the striking watersiders. The farmers’ interests were at stake. One of the banners has the quote "If blood be the price of your cursed wealth, good God we have bought it fair". Politics and government Bicycle race between Jack Dumble and George Piner during the 1913 waterfront strike, McGowan Street, Runanga, West Coast. Prime Minister William Massey’s Reform Party government gave full state backing to defeating the striking unions. In the distance, strikers have climbed the wharf gates to prevent the handling of cargo by non-union workers. A significant Economic cause of the 1913 Waterfron strike was the poor living standards and working conditions in which workers had to cope with. Spectators on sidelines. At its height, it brought the economy of New Zealand almost to a halt. 20 December Their motto was "In union there is strength". Economic A significant economic cause of the 1913 Waterfront Strike which began in Wellington and spread to other key ports was the ongoing long-term grievance surrounding living standards and working conditions. A crowd of spectators stand on the side-walk. By the end of October, 13,000 Wellington watersiders were out on strike and it was spreading. The strike had been faltering since early November, when the Auckland and Wellington wharves were reopened, manned by ‘scab’ workers protected by police and specials. Photographer unidentified. We have 1 biography, 2 articles, related to Waterfront strike ends. The Great Strike of 1913, which had begun in late October when Wellington waterside workers stopped work, finally ended when the United Federation of Labour (UFL) conceded defeat. Although it was not as violent as the 1913 Waterfront Strike that occurred in key ports of Wellington, Auckland and Chrischurch, it involved more workers and had lasted longer. WATERFRONT STRIKE OF 1916. 1886: March 28th: The Longshoremen who went on strike on March 22nd, 1886, formally organized into the Stevedores, Longshoremen and Riggers Union of Puget Sound. Longshoremen along the Tacoma waterfront went on strike due to low wages, long hours, and lack of representation. He follows this remarkable union from its total shutdown of the waterfront in a 1913 strike to its demise in 1922. SYMPATHY AND VIOLENCE As the strike which began on September 18 continued it gathered a momentum surprising even to the union men. Bronze / Copper medal awarded during the Auckland Waterfront Strike of 1913 . Pre-1840 contact, Holidays and events, The arts and entertainment, Disasters, Transport, Health and welfare, Decade studies, Sport, Crime and punishment, Immigration, Lifestyle, Places, The great outdoors, Memorials, Political milestones, Protest and reform, Treaty of Waitangi, Maori leadership, Heads of State, Parliament and the people, The work of government, New Zealand in the world, New Zealand's internal wars, South African War, First World War, Second World War, Post Second World War, Other conflicts, Memorials, mascots and memorabilia, Contexts and activities, Skills, Historical concepts, Education at Pukeahu, Useful links, Interactives, Videos, Sounds, Photos, Site Information, Quizzes, Calendar, Biographies, Check out the links below to like us, follow us, and get the latest from NZHistory, All text is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 New Zealand Licence. This was made worse when the goverment were handing cheaper loans to farmers because landed property intended with the Labour Market only thinking of themselvs and not the working class people. All non-text content is subject to specific conditions. Between 14,000 and 16,000 workers went on strike, out of a population of just over one million. On 17 December the powerful Federated Seamen’s Union, which had been drawn into the strike against its leaders’ wishes, broke ranks by reaching a deal with shipowners to return to work. 20. Together, the main five causes, which are explained below, changed the mindset of the lower class, they realised that they could fight back and make a change for their class by challenging their employers. It's 100 years since an attempted general strike in New Zealand, so here's an article from Bert Roth on the pinnacle of that dispute, the Auckland general strike of 1913. The specials were a Farmers Army organised by John Cullen, a police commissioner who was also called the previous year by Prime Minister Massey during the Waihi Strike. There were a number of causes that inevitably led to the 1913 Waterfront Strike due to the significance of how they impacted on people's lives. Waterfront strike ends Strikers' meeting in Dunedin (Auckland City Libraries, AWNS-19131120-50-1) The Great Strike of 1913, which had begun in late October when Wellington waterside workers stopped work, finally ended when the United Federation of Labour (UFL) conceded defeat. Pre-1840 contact, Holidays and events, The arts and entertainment, Disasters, Transport, Health and welfare, Decade studies, Sport, Crime and punishment, Immigration, Lifestyle, Places, The great outdoors, Memorials, Political milestones, Protest and reform, Treaty of Waitangi, Maori leadership, Heads of State, Parliament and the people, The work of government, New Zealand in the world, New Zealand's internal wars, South African War, First World War, Second World War, Post Second World War, Other conflicts, Memorials, mascots and memorabilia, Contexts and activities, Skills, Historical concepts, Education at Pukeahu, Useful links, Interactives, Videos, Sounds, Photos, Site Information, Quizzes, Calendar, Biographies, Check out the links below to like us, follow us, and get the latest from NZHistory, All text is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 New Zealand Licence. The strike began with watersiders’ and miners’ unions. March along Mansfield Street, Newtown, Wellington, during the Waterfront Strike of 1913 by War on the Wharves Crowd gathered in Post Office Square, Wellington, during the 1913 Waterfront Strike by … of strikers: 35,000 ... 17. Wellington at war—the 1913 Strike Spare a thought for Wellington wharfie R. Lloyd, killed on the job in September 1913 when, in the dry, unemotive language of the official record, “a derrick fell on him; no blame attachable to anyone”. The strike arose out of a culmination of several factors that affected and influenced the watersiders. Shows a group of protesters marching in the vicinity of the gasometer, College Hill, and Victoria Street, Auckland during the 1913 Waterfront Strike. Waterfront strike ends. A sea of hats surrounds the gates to the Wellington wharves in the first days of the great waterfront strike of 1913. But on only two occasions, the 1890 Maritime Strike and the 1913 Waterfront Strike, have the military been used in New Zealand in a coercive role during industrial disputes.2 Military intervention had a significant impact on the course of these strikes, particularly in 1913. The strike wave of October 1913 began with two relatively small disputes: one at a Huntly coal mine, the other on the Wellington waterfront. Cullen was enthusiastic about crushing the militant unionism that was arising among the working class and he … The specials were sent into the main urban centres to open up the wharves. This site is produced by the History Group of the New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage. On 5 November 1913 the special constables marched through Wellington and reopened the wharves. The strike was the culmination of a number of significant short … The strike affected most port towns and coal-mining settlements. 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